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Assessment of Selected Heavy Metals Uptake from Soil by Vegetation of Two Areas of District Attock, Pakistan

Mehwish Bashir1, Sofia Khalid1,*, Umer Rashid2,*, Muhammad Adrees3, Muhammad Ibrahim3 and Md. Saiful Islam4

1Department of Environmental Sciences, Fatima Jinnah Women University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

2Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

3Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad-38000, Pakistan

4Department of Chemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

*Corresponding authors: E-mail: sofiarahim@hotmail.com; umer.rashid@yahoo.com
Abstract

The present study was conducted to examine the heavy metals in the soil and vegetation of two areas of district Attock (Pakistan). Investigations were made to compare the heavy metals concentrations (Cu, Pb, Cd, Ni, Zn) in a relatively less polluted site (Khour City) and a polluted site (Khour Company). An assessment of the selected heavy metals uptake by the soil and vegetation was made through calculation of bioaccumulation and enrichment factors. Samples of soil and plants were collected from both sites. From each site, four points were selected randomly for vegetation and soil sampling. Plant species included Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Calotropis procera, Ziziphus nummularia, Cynodon dactylon, Acacia senegal, Parthenium hysterophorus, Dalbergia sissoo and Desmostachya bipinnata. Heavy metals were detected in soil and vegetation of both areas using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Lead concentration was highest amongst other heavy metals in both soil and vegetation (Cynodon dactylon). In studied plant species heavy metals concentrations varied among different species. The level of heavy metal concentration in Khour Company was greater compared to Khour City. The increasing level of heavy metal contamination in the Khour Company area may be because of higher traffic density and industrialization compared to Khour City.
Keywords

Heavy metal uptake, Pollution, Pakistan, Vegetation.
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